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News | Archive (10 August 2007)
Man-made soot contributed to warming in Greenland in the early 20th century
— 14:45 GMT | EnvironmentNew research shows that industrial development in North America between 1850 and 1950 greatly increased the amount of black carbon - commonly known as soot - that fell on Greenland's glaciers and ice sheets. The soot impacted the ability of the snow and ice to reflect sunlight, which contributed to increased melting and higher temperatures in the region during those years. This discovery may help scientists better understand the impact of human activities on polar climates…
Floods in Asia visible from space
— 14:45 GMT | EnvironmentWide area satellite images can show an entire flood within a single picture, with radar instruments like Envisat's Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) especially well suited for differentiating between waterlogged and dry land. A sequence of satellite images can show if the flood is growing or diminishing over time, and highlight further areas coming under threat of inundation. This actual image is a multitemporal ASAR image composed of two images: one acquired on 26 July 2007 and another on 12 April 2007…
Galileo to support global search and rescue
— 09:54 GMT | AstronomyThe detection of emergency beacons will be greatly improved by the introduction of Europe's satellite positioning system, Galileo. The Galileo satellites will carry transponders to relay distress signals to search and rescue organisations. In connection with this, representatives of the Galileo project attended the recent 21st annual Joint Committee Meeting of COSPAS-SARSAT, the international programme for satellite-aided search and rescue. The partners in Galileo are committed to developing the Galileo search and rescue component as an integral part of MEOSAR, the future worldwide search and rescue satellite system…
X-ray images help explain limits to insect body size
— 09:54 GMT | BiologyResearchers at the US Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory have cast new light on why the giant insects that lived millions of years ago disappeared. In the late Palaeozoic Era, with atmospheric oxygen levels reaching record highs, some insects evolved into giants. When oxygen levels returned to lower levels, the insect giants went extinct. The basis of this gigantism is thought to lie in the insect respiratory system. In contrast to vertebrates, where blood transports oxygen from the lung to the cell, insects deliver oxygen directly through a network of blind-ending tracheal tubes. As insects get bigger, this type of oxygen transport becomes far less effective…
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